Inqubo yokushisisa, ukubamba, nokupholisa insimbi esimweni esiqinile ukuze kuthuthukiswe noma kushintshwe izici zayo kanye nesakhiwo esincane kubizwa ngokuthi ukwelashwa kokushisa.Ngokwezinjongo ezihlukene zokwelapha ukushisa, kunezindlela ezihlukene zokwelapha ukushisa, ezingahlukaniswa kakhulu zibe izinhlobo ezilandelayo:
(1)Anealing: Esithandweni sokushisa esibamba ukushisa, insimbi ishiswa ngezinga elithile lokushisisa ifike cishe ku-300-500 ℃ ngaphezu kwezinga lokushisa elibucayi, futhi i-microstructure yayo izoba nokuguqulwa kwesigaba noma ukuguqulwa kwengxenye yesigaba.Isibonelo, uma insimbi ishisa kulokhu kushisa, i-pearlite izoshintsha ibe yi-austenite.Bese uyigcina ifudumele isikhathi esithile, bese uyipholisa kancane kancane (imvamisa ngokupholisa isithando somlilo) ize ikhishwe ekamelweni lokushisa.Yonke le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi ukwelapha i-anealing.Inhloso ye-annealing ukususa ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi okukhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokusebenza okushisayo, ukwenza i-homogenize i-microstructure yensimbi (ukuthola isakhiwo esilinganiselwe), ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo zemishini (ezifana nokunciphisa ubulukhuni, ukwandisa ipulasitiki, ukuqina, namandla), kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusika. ukusebenza.Ngokuya ngenqubo yokudonsa, ingahlukaniswa ngezindlela ezihlukene zokudonsa, njengokukhipha isifuba okujwayelekile, ukuhushula okuphindwe kabili, ukuhushula okufaniswayo, ukuhushula okwe-isothermal, i-spheroidizing annealing, i-recrystallization annealing, i-annealing ekhanyayo, ukujula okuphelele, ukuhushula okungaphelele, njll.
(2)Ukujwayela: Esithandweni sokushisa ukushisa, insimbi iyashiswa ngezinga elithile lokushisa kuya ku-200-600 ℃ ngaphezu kwezinga lokushisa elibucayi, ukuze i-microstructure iguqulwe ngokuphelele ibe yi-austenite efanayo (isibonelo, kulokhu kushisa, i-ferrite iguqulwa ngokuphelele. ku-austenite ensimbi, noma usimende wesibili uncibilika ngokuphelele ku-austenite), futhi ugcinwe isikhathi esithile, Bese ubekwa emoyeni ukupholisa kwemvelo (okuhlanganisa ukupholisa okufuthayo, ukupakisha ukupholisa kwemvelo, noma izingcezu ngazinye zemvelo. ukupholisa emoyeni ozolile), futhi yonke inqubo ibizwa ngokuthi i-normalization.Ukujwayela kuyindlela ekhethekile yokudonsa, okuthi, ngenxa yezinga lakho lokupholisa elisheshayo kunokukhipha i-annealing, ingathola okusanhlamvu kangconywana kanye ne-microstructure efanayo, ithuthukise amandla nobulukhuni bensimbi, futhi ibe nezakhiwo ezinhle zokuhlanganisa.
(3) Ukucisha: Esithandweni sokushisa ukushisa, insimbi iyashiswa ngezinga elithile lokushisa libe ngu-300-500 ℃ ngaphezu kwezinga lokushisa elibucayi, ukuze i-microstructure iguqulwe ngokuphelele ibe i-austenite efanayo.Ngemva kokuyibamba isikhathi esithile, ipholiswa ngokushesha (indawo yokupholisa ihlanganisa amanzi, uwoyela, amanzi anosawoti, amanzi ane-alkali, njll.) ukuze uthole isakhiwo se-martensitic, esingathuthukisa kakhulu amandla, ukuqina, nokumelana nokugqoka kwensimbi. .Ukupholisa okusheshayo ngesikhathi sokucisha kuholela ekuguqulweni okubukhali kwesakhiwo okudala ukucindezeleka okukhulu kwangaphakathi futhi kwandise ukubola.Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukwelashwa kokushisa noma ukuguga ngesikhathi esifanele ukuze uthole amandla aphezulu kanye nezakhiwo eziqinile.Ngokuvamile, ukwelashwa kokucisha kukodwa akuvamile ukusetshenziswa.Ngokuya ngento kanye nenhloso yokwelashwa kokucisha, ukwelashwa kokucisha kungahlukaniswa ngezinqubo ezihlukahlukene zokucisha ezifana nokucisha okuvamile, ukucisha okuphelele, ukucisha okungaphelele, ukucisha i-isothermal, ukucisha okuhleliwe, ukucisha okukhanyayo, ukucisha imvamisa ephezulu, njll.
4 insimbi engaphezu kwezinga lokushisa elibucayi, futhi uyipholise ngokushesha ngaphambi kokuba ukushisa kungene ngaphakathi kwensimbi (okungukuthi ukucisha ukwelashwa)
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-08-2023