Ngaphambi kokubekaukunemba amapayipi ensimbiemakethe, izivivinyo ezenziwa ngezandla kufanele zenziwe, futhi ifektri yethu yamapayipi ensimbi enezinsimbi inesigaba sokuhlola esizinikele.Ngoba imakethe eyinhloko yokunemba kwamapayipi ensimbi anamapayipi iwumsebenzi wokukala isisindo.Kodwa lo msebenzi unesidingo esikhulu uma kuqhathaniswa samandla aqinile wamapayipi ensimbi anamathangi, ngakho-ke singawathuthukisa kanjani amandla aqinile wamapayipi ensimbi anamathangi?Manje ake sethule kithi.
Phezulu kohlu, amapayipi ensimbi anembayo angahlolwa kusetshenziswa ukuhlolwa kwamanje kwe-eddy esikhundleni sokuhlola amanzi.Ingcindezi yokuhlola noma usayizi wesampula wokuhlola wamanje we-eddy kufanele uhambisane nemithetho ye-GB 3092. Umsebenzi wokusebenza kwensimbi uwumgomo obalulekile wokuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo kokugcina (ukusebenza komshini), okuncike ekwakhiweni kwamakhemikhali kanye nenqubo yokwelapha ukushisa insimbi.Esilinganisweni sepayipi lensimbi, ngokwezidingo ezihlukene zohlelo lokusebenza, umsebenzi wokunwebeka (ukunemba kwepayipi lensimbi elashukumisa amandla okuqina, amandla esivuno noma ukunemba kwepayipi lensimbi, ukwelula), imigomo yokuqina nokuqina, kanye nemisebenzi yokushisa ephezulu nephansi edingwa abasebenzisi. , zicacisiwe.
Okwesibili, amandla aqinile wamapayipi ensimbi anamagqabhagqabha ngokunemba ( σ b) Amandla amakhulu (Fb) isifanekiso esiwathwalayo ngesikhathi senqubo yokushuba ngesikhathi sokuphuka, atholwe endaweni yokuqala ye-cross-sectional (So) yesifanekiso. ), Kubizwa ngokuthi amandla aqinile okunemba kwamapayipi ensimbi ayizinsimbi ( σ b) , ku-N/mm2 (MPa).Ibonisa amandla aphezulu ezinto zensimbi ukumelana nomonakalo ngaphansi kwemiphumela eqinile.Kufomula: Fb - amandla aphezulu athwelwe yisifanekiso ngesikhathi sokuphuka, N (Newton);Ngakho - Indawo yoqobo yesiqephu sesampula, mm2.Ipayipi lensimbi eliqinile eliqondile: into yensimbi enezinto ezivumayo, kanye nengcindezi lapho isifanekiso singaqhubeka sinwebeka ngaphandle kokwengeza amandla (ukugcina ukuzinza) phakathi nenqubo yokwelula, kubizwa ngokuthi ipayipi lensimbi elinembayo.Uma amandla ehla, amapayipi ensimbi anamandla aphezulu naphansi kufanele ahlukaniswe.Iyunithi yepayipi lensimbi eqinile ngu-N/mm2 (MPa).Ukunemba okuphezulu kwepayipi lensimbi: Ingcindezi enkulu ngaphambi kokwehla kwamandla okuqala ngenxa yokugotshwa kwesampula;Ukunemba okuphansi kwepayipi lensimbi enama-galvanized: Ingcindezi encane esigabeni sokuthela lapho umphumela osheshayo wokuqala ungacatshangelwa.Kufomula: Fs - amandla okugoba phakathi nenqubo yokuqina yesifanekiso (esizinzile), N (Newton) Ngakho - indawo yoqobo yesiqephu sesampula, mm2.Ukwelulwa ngemva kokuphuka: (σ) Esivivinyweni esiqinile, iphesenti lobude obungezwe kubude begeji yesampula ngemva kokuphuka uma kuqhathaniswa nobude begeji yasekuqaleni ibizwa ngokuthi ukwelula.
Okwesithathu, ngo-σ Ikhombisa ukuthi iyunithi ingu%.Kufomula: Ubude begeji ye-L1 yesampula ngemva kokuphuka, mm;L0- Ubude begeji yoqobo besampula, mm.Izinga lokuncishiswa kwesigaba: ( ψ) Esivivinyweni sokuqina, ukuncishiswa okuphezulu kwendawo ephambanayo kububanzi obuncishisiwe besifanekiso ngemva kokuphuka kubizwa ngokuthi iphesenti lendawo yokuqala ye-cross-sectional, ebizwa ngokuthi izinga lokuncishiswa kwesigaba esiphambene. .ngo-ψ Ibonisa ukuthi iyunithi ingu%.Kufomula: S0- Indawo enqamulayo yoqobo yesampula, mm2;S1- Ubuncane bendawo yesiphambano kububanzi obuncishisiwe besampula ngemva kokuphuka, mm2.Ithagethi yokuqina: Ikhono lezinto zensimbi ukumelana nokuhlehlisa izinto eziqinile endaweni kubizwa ngokuthi ubulukhuni.Ngokwezindlela ezihlukene zokuhlola kanye nobubanzi bokusebenzisa, ubulukhuni bungabuye buhlukaniswe bulukhuni be-Brinell, ukuqina kwe-Rockwell, ukuqina kwe-Vickers, ukuqina koShore, ukuqina okuncane, kanye nobulukhuni bezinga lokushisa eliphezulu.Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zamapayipi asetshenziswa kakhulu: Brinell, Rockwell, Vickers hardness.Ukuqina kwe-Brinell (HB): Ukusebenzisa ibhola lensimbi eliwububanzi obuthile noma ibhola le-alloy eliqinile
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-10-2023